Electrification of vehicles brings unique thermal challenges due to the increased power density and heat generation in high-capacity batteries, electric motors, power electronics, and charging systems. Effective thermal engineering ensures optimal temperature management, extending the lifespan and performance of critical components. It helps maintain battery efficiency and safety by preventing overheating and thermal runaway, ensuring consistent power output, and maximizing energy storage capacity. Efficient thermal management improves overall vehicle range, reducing energy consumption and enhancing the EV's environmental benefits.